The study aimed to investigate the impact of posterior element and ligament removal on the maximum von Mises stress. and maximum shear stress of the eight-layer annulus for treating stenosis at the L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels in the lumbar spine. Previous studies have indicated that laminectomy alone can result in segmental instability unless fusion is performed. However. https://www.roneverhart.com/Black-flower-Reversable-Tote-Bag-E05728-FRS-RB0/